Modus ponens (Latin for “mode that affirms”) In the early 2000s, with advent of the “big-data” revolution, several AI-type diagnostic decision support systems began to reappear. These expert systems were further simplified to what became basic clinical decision support functionality that was widely implemented directly in electronic health records to perform simple drug–drug interaction checks or generate health maintenance reminders. During this period, many AI researchers turned to building much less ambitious “expert systems” that proved very successful. In the late 1980s, after several large-scale, highly visible AI projects failed to meet overly optimistic expectations, federal and commercial funding for new AI project rapidly dried up. The origins of the field of clinical informatics were in the field of artificial intelligence as researchers attempted to create computer systems that could diagnosis patients’ medical conditions. Transverse plane (axial or cross section)Ī subfield of computer science that focuses on the design, development, use and evaluation of computer-based systems, applications, and algorithms that mimic cognitive processes usually associated with human intelligence. For an in-depth overview of human anatomy, see. Anatomy is often studied through dissection and separation of individual parts of the body. The branch of biomedical science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms.
Master of Science in Pharmacy (MPh or Mpharm or MScPh) Master of Science in Nursing (MSN or MScN) These institutions commonly offer degrees at various levels, typically including associate (most often a 2-year course of study is required), bachelor (4-year course of study), master (1–2 year course of study after the bachelor’), and doctorate (3–7 year course of study after bachelor’s or master’s degree).īachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS or MBChB)
Academic degrees are normally awarded by a college, university, or any number of professional schools such as medical, nursing, dental, osteopathic, pharmacy, and public health, for example. A qualification, usually determined by the successful completion of a prescribed course of study in higher education that often includes the passing of a comprehensive examination.